Model & calibration: Supply Chain Networks — fluid-stochastic network clearing, Skorokhod inventory dynamics, endogenous pricing with strategic trade rebalancing. Stockpile-depletion events shown for net-importer emergency buffers; exporter buffers are elastic-supply accounts (see paper §5.2). Capacity-retained settings bundle bypass infrastructure (e.g., East–West & Habshan–Fujairah pipelines for Hormuz). No rationing policy is modeled: buffers drain mechanically.